1. 贪吃蛇
目标：Pygame 经典游戏，掌握游戏循环和事件处理
import pygame
import random
pygame.init()
# 游戏设置
WIDTH, HEIGHT = 600, 400
GRID = 20
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((WIDTH, HEIGHT))
pygame.display.set_caption("贪吃蛇")
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
# 蛇的初始位置
snake = [(100, 100), (80, 100), (60, 100)]
direction = (20, 0)
# 随机生成食物
food = (random.randrange(0, WIDTH, GRID),
random.randrange(0, HEIGHT, GRID))
# 游戏主循环
running = True
while running:
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
running = False
if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
if event.key == pygame.K_UP and direction != (0, 20):
direction = (0, -20)
elif event.key == pygame.K_DOWN and direction != (0, -20):
direction = (0, 20)
elif event.key == pygame.K_LEFT and direction != (20, 0):
direction = (-20, 0)
elif event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT and direction != (-20, 0):
direction = (20, 0)
# 移动蛇
head = (snake[0][0] + direction[0],
snake[0][1] + direction[1])
snake.insert(0, head)
# 检测吃到食物
if head == food:
food = (random.randrange(0, WIDTH, GRID),
random.randrange(0, HEIGHT, GRID))
else:
snake.pop()
# 检测撞墙
if (head[0] < 0 or head[0] >= WIDTH or
head[1] < 0 or head[1] >= HEIGHT or
head in snake[1:]):
running = False
# 绘制
screen.fill((30, 30, 46))
pygame.draw.rect(screen, (29, 209, 161), (*food, GRID, GRID))
for segment in snake:
pygame.draw.rect(screen, (255, 107, 107),
(*segment, GRID, GRID))
pygame.display.flip()
clock.tick(10)
pygame.quit()知识点：游戏循环、键盘事件处理、列表操作、碰撞检测
2. 打砖块
目标：碰撞检测与反弹物理的实战应用
import pygame
import sys
pygame.init()
WIDTH, HEIGHT = 600, 500
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((WIDTH, HEIGHT))
pygame.display.set_caption("打砖块")
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
# 挡板
paddle = pygame.Rect(250, 460, 100, 15)
# 球
ball = pygame.Rect(295, 440, 10, 10)
ball_speed = [4, -4]
# 砖块
colors = [(255, 107, 107), (254, 202, 87), (72, 219, 251),
(29, 209, 161), (255, 159, 243)]
bricks = []
for row in range(5):
for col in range(10):
brick = pygame.Rect(col * 60, row * 30 + 40, 55, 25)
bricks.append((brick, colors[row]))
running = True
while running:
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
running = False
# 挡板跟随鼠标
paddle.x = pygame.mouse.get_pos()[0] - 50
# 移动球
ball.x += ball_speed[0]
ball.y += ball_speed[1]
# 墙壁反弹
if ball.left <= 0 or ball.right >= WIDTH:
ball_speed[0] *= -1
if ball.top <= 0:
ball_speed[1] *= -1
# 挡板反弹
if ball.colliderect(paddle):
ball_speed[1] *= -1
# 砖块碰撞
for brick, color in bricks[:]:
if ball.colliderect(brick):
bricks.remove((brick, color))
ball_speed[1] *= -1
break
# 绘制
screen.fill((30, 30, 46))
pygame.draw.rect(screen, (84, 160, 255), paddle)
pygame.draw.ellipse(screen, (255, 255, 255), ball)
for brick, color in bricks:
pygame.draw.rect(screen, color, brick, border_radius=4)
pygame.display.flip()
clock.tick(60)
pygame.quit()知识点：矩形碰撞检测、物理反弹、鼠标控制、关卡设计
3. 飞机大战
目标：射击游戏基础，掌握精灵管理和射击机制
import pygame
import random
pygame.init()
WIDTH, HEIGHT = 400, 600
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((WIDTH, HEIGHT))
pygame.display.set_caption("飞机大战")
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
# 玩家飞机
player = pygame.Rect(175, 520, 50, 40)
player_speed = 5
# 子弹列表
bullets = []
# 敌机列表
enemies = []
enemy_timer = 0
# 分数
score = 0
running = True
while running:
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
running = False
if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
if event.key == pygame.K_SPACE:
bullets.append(
pygame.Rect(player.centerx - 2,
player.top - 10, 4, 10))
# 移动玩家
keys = pygame.key.get_pressed()
if keys[pygame.K_LEFT] and player.left > 0:
player.x -= player_speed
if keys[pygame.K_RIGHT] and player.right < WIDTH:
player.x += player_speed
# 移动子弹
for bullet in bullets[:]:
bullet.y -= 8
if bullet.bottom < 0:
bullets.remove(bullet)
# 生成敌机
enemy_timer += 1
if enemy_timer > 30:
enemies.append(pygame.Rect(
random.randint(0, WIDTH - 40),
-40, 40, 30))
enemy_timer = 0
# 移动敌机 & 碰撞检测
for enemy in enemies[:]:
enemy.y += 3
if enemy.top > HEIGHT:
enemies.remove(enemy)
for bullet in bullets[:]:
if bullet.colliderect(enemy):
if bullet in bullets:
bullets.remove(bullet)
if enemy in enemies:
enemies.remove(enemy)
score += 10
break
# 绘制
screen.fill((30, 30, 46))
# 玩家
pygame.draw.polygon(screen, (84, 160, 255),
[(player.centerx, player.top),
(player.left, player.bottom),
(player.right, player.bottom)])
# 子弹
for bullet in bullets:
pygame.draw.rect(screen, (254, 202, 87), bullet)
# 敌机
for enemy in enemies:
pygame.draw.polygon(screen, (255, 107, 107),
[(enemy.centerx, enemy.bottom),
(enemy.left, enemy.top),
(enemy.right, enemy.top)])
# 分数
font = pygame.font.SysFont(None, 36)
text = font.render(f"Score: {score}", True, (255, 255, 255))
screen.blit(text, (10, 10))
pygame.display.flip()
clock.tick(60)
pygame.quit()知识点：精灵管理、键盘连续按键、射击系统、碰撞销毁、计分系统
4. 井字棋对战
目标：实现双人对战的井字棋游戏
def print_board(board):
for row in board:
print(' | '.join(row))
print('-' * 9)
def check_winner(board):
# 检查行、列、对角线
for i in range(3):
if board[i][0] == board[i][1] == board[i][2] != ' ':
return board[i][0]
if board[0][i] == board[1][i] == board[2][i] != ' ':
return board[0][i]
if board[0][0] == board[1][1] == board[2][2] != ' ':
return board[0][0]
if board[0][2] == board[1][1] == board[2][0] != ' ':
return board[0][2]
return None
def tic_tac_toe():
board = [[' ']*3 for _ in range(3)]
player = 'X'
for turn in range(9):
print_board(board)
row, col = map(int, input(f"玩家 {player}，输入行和列(0-2): ").split())
if board[row][col] == ' ':
board[row][col] = player
else:
print("该位置已占用！")
continue
winner = check_winner(board)
if winner:
print_board(board)
print(f"玩家 {winner} 获胜！")
return
player = 'O' if player == 'X' else 'X'
print_board(board)
print("平局！")
tic_tac_toe()知识点：二维列表、循环控制、胜负判断逻辑
5. 2048 游戏（文字版）
目标：实现 2048 核心逻辑
import random
def new_board():
board = [[0]*4 for _ in range(4)]
add_random(board)
add_random(board)
return board
def add_random(board):
empty = [(r, c) for r in range(4) for c in range(4) if board[r][c] == 0]
if empty:
r, c = random.choice(empty)
board[r][c] = 4 if random.random() < 0.1 else 2
def slide_left(board):
new_board = []
for row in board:
nums = [n for n in row if n != 0]
merged = []
i = 0
while i < len(nums):
if i + 1 < len(nums) and nums[i] == nums[i+1]:
merged.append(nums[i] * 2)
i += 2
else:
merged.append(nums[i])
i += 1
merged += [0] * (4 - len(merged))
new_board.append(merged)
return new_board
def print_board(board):
for row in board:
print(f"|{row[0]:>5}|{row[1]:>5}|{row[2]:>5}|{row[3]:>5}|")
print('-' * 22)
# 简化版：只实现左移
board = new_board()
print_board(board)
board = slide_left(board)
print("左移后:")
print_board(board)知识点：二维数组操作、滑动合并逻辑、随机生成
6. 猜单词游戏
目标：实现类似 Hangman 的猜单词游戏
import random
WORD_LIST = ['python', 'programming', 'algorithm', 'function', 'variable',
'database', 'network', 'security', 'interface', 'framework']
def hangman():
word = random.choice(WORD_LIST)
guessed = set()
attempts = 6
while attempts > 0:
display = ''.join(c if c in guessed else '_' for c in word)
print(f"\n单词: {display}")
print(f"剩余次数: {'❤' * attempts}{'♡' * (6 - attempts)}")
print(f"已猜字母: {', '.join(sorted(guessed)) if guessed else '无'}")
if all(c in guessed for c in word):
print(f"\n恭喜！你猜对了: {word}")
return
guess = input("猜一个字母: ").lower()
if guess in guessed:
print("已经猜过这个字母了！")
continue
guessed.add(guess)
if guess not in word:
attempts -= 1
print(f"'{guess}' 不在单词中！")
else:
print(f"'{guess}' 猜对了！")
print(f"\n游戏结束！正确答案: {word}")
hangman()知识点：集合操作、字符串处理、游戏状态管理